![]() Operators deposit weld metal within the groove, which and penetrates and fuses with the base metal to form the joint. The differences depend primarily on the geometry of the parts to be joined and the preparation of their edges. As suggested by the variety of groove weld symbols, there are many ways to make a groove weld. Welders might also use it in corner joints, T joints, and joints between curved and flat pieces. When making edge-to-edge joints, you'll most likely use a groove weld. Notice that the spacing, or pitch, is not the clear space between the welds, but the center-to-center (or end-to-end) distance. You'll find this to the right of the fillet weld symbol. If there is no length, place the weld between specified dimension lines (if given) or between those points where an abrupt change in the weld direction would occur (like at the end of the plates in the example above).įor intermittent welds, a dash separates the length of each portion of the weld and the spacing of the welds (length first, spacing second). ![]() There is also an indication on the drawing as to which leg is longer.įind the length of the weld to the right of the symbol. ![]() If the weld is to have unequal legs, both dimensions are given. If the two legs of the weld are to be the same size, only one dimension is given. You'll also find the leg size to the left of the weld symbol. You'll find the perpendicular leg of the triangle on the left side of the symbol, regardless of the weld orientation. Recognize, however, that the degree of penetration is important in determining the quality of the weld.) (Note: for the sake of graphical clarity, the drawings below do not show the penetration of the weld metal. This metal penetrates and fuses with the base metal to form the joint. The operator deposits metal in a corner formed by the fit-up of the two members. The fillet weld is roughly triangular in cross-section, although it is not always a right triangle or an isosceles triangle. Welders use the fillet weld (pronounced "fill-it") to make lap joints, corner joints and T joints. In the descriptions below, the symbol is shown in both its arrow-side and other-side positions. The symbol is a small drawing that represents a simplified cross-section of the weld. This is typically placed near the center of the reference line (and above or below it, depending on which side of the joint it's on). Types of welds and their symbolsĮach welding position has its own basic symbol. It may reference the welding process, electrode or any helpful information that doesn't have a place on the symbol. The tail of the weld symbol is the place for supplementary information on the weld. The open circle at the arrow/reference line junction indicates a weld is to go all around the joint, as in the example below. Older drawings may denote a field weld by a filled black circle at the junction between the arrow and reference line. A weld symbol without a flag indicates that the weld is to be made in the shop. The flag growing out of the junction of the reference line and the arrow is present when completing the weld in the field during erection of the structure. This rule applies regardless of the arrow’s direction. The other side of the joint is known as the other side, and you'll weld according to the instructions found above the reference line. The side of the joint to which the arrow points is known as the arrow side, and that weld's instructions are given below the reference line. The weld symbol distinguishes between the two sides by using the arrow and the spaces above and below the reference line. ![]() For example, when joining two steel plates into a T shape, you may weld on either side of the T. There are often two sides to the joint to which the arrow points, and therefore two potential places for a weld. In the example above, you'll see the arrow growing out of the right end of the reference line and heading down and to the right, but standards allow many other combinations. An arrow connects the reference line to the joint that is to be welded. You'll find instructions for making the weld strung along the reference line. ![]() The horizontal line - called the reference line - is the anchor for all welding symbols. American National Standards Institute (ANSI) and the American Welding Society (AWS) publish ANSI/AWS A2.4, Symbols for Welding and Nondestructive Testing, which provides a complete set of symbols. Here we will introduce you to the common symbols and their meaning. You will often find these on engineering and fabrication drawings. A set of symbols are shorthand for describing the type of weld, its size, and other processing and finishing information. ![]()
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